corrosion inhibitor dosage calculation

We developed a numerical method to compute the distribution of corrosion inhibitors in multiphase flow in a pipe. The water quality evaluation of the raw water can be evaluated through the corrosion index. 3 Above 8.3, carbonate begins to form and eventually excess hydroxide ions are formed. (A) measuring the temperature, hydrogen ion concentration, calcium hardness, alkalinity and electrical conductivity of the raw water in a computer or a dedicated hardware, (b) evaluating corrosion resistance by calculating the corrosivity index of the constant raw water using the temperature, the hydrogen ion concentration, the calcium hardness, the alkalinity and the electric conductivity measured in the step (a); (c) Calculating a corrosion inhibitor injection amount according to a target calcium ion hardness and a target calcium ion concentration when the raw water source is evaluated as a corrosive water source; (d) (E) calculating a corrosiveness index of the treated water in a range close to the target corrosivity index among the corrosion indexes calculated in the step (d) Determining the calcium hardness and alkalinity of the treated water and rehabilitating calcium hardness and alkalinity so as to reach the target corrosivity index; and (f) determining the calcium hardness and alkalinity of the treated water, And estimating an optimum amount of injection. The corrosion you may be trying to avoid may be caused by free water in the liquid or solid phase. It is possible that the effective corrosion inhibitor for industrial circulating cooling water may be not suitable for the treatment of oil field sewage, which containing large concentration of Cl. They have good adsorption to the metal surface in the corrosive medium. Corrosion inhibitors are admixtures that either extend the time to corrosion initiation or significantly reduce the corrosion rate of embedded metal, or both, in concrete containing chlorides in excess of the accepted corrosion threshold value for the metal in untreated concrete, as per ACI 222R. Would anyone know what may be the negative effects of using these chemicals to remove the dissolved oxygen in water? The total porosity of the reference sample was about 0.161 mL/g and reduced to 0.153 mL/g with 1 wt.% dosage of the hydrophobic functional corrosion inhibitor (Figure 4a). What is your pressure? Calculation is done by simplifying [Ca 2+ ] to total calcium concentration [Ca t ] and [HCO 3 - ] to [Alk t ] for constant water with a normal alkaline degree of 50 mg / L and a hydrogen ion concentration of approximately 6.0 to 8.5 . We now accept new experts! School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China. xb```b``Y=xb@a3KvvBj B Licensee IntechOpen. Calcium nitrite, sodium nitrite, sodium benzoate are used as corrosion inhibitor. 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The method of obtaining the saturated hydrogen ion concentration by the solution of the quadratic equation can be calculated by the following formula (7) by the method proposed by Langelier. Join your peers on the Internet's largest technical engineering professional community.It's easy to join and it's free. FIG. These include cement type, water-to-cement ratio, cover concrete to the steel, ambient temperature and the expected level of exposure to chlorides. The collaborative processing outstandingly enhances the corrosion inhibition effect. HERMETIC-Pumpen GmbH is a leading developer and manufacturer of hermetically sealed pumps and pumping technologies. As shown in Table 3, when the target hydrogen ion concentration was 8.0, the calcium hardness was 68 mg / L and the alkalinity was 64 mg / L when the water quality concentration was 7.22, the calcium hardness 36 mg / L and the alkaline degree 32 mg / L was estimated to be the optimum injection concentration. 2. Thanks. When the Langerhree index is negative, the constant raw water is evaluated as corrosive water quality, and when it is not negative, the constant raw water is evaluated as toxic water quality. Innospec's STADIS brand is a class leading, non-metallic range of static dissipator additives (SDAs). If you use in excess of the stoichiometric quantity, then theoretically you do not have any residual O2 left in the water. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to, Production Chemistry, Metallurgy and Biology, Corrosion inhibition and management (including H2S and CO2), Partitioning of Corrosion Inhibitor in Relationship to Oil Field Applications and Laboratory Testing, Relating Corrosion Inhibitor Surface Active Properties to Field Performance Requirements, Corrosion Inhibitor Selection and Field Verification in Oil and Gas Production, Partitioning of Multi-Component Surfactants Systems in Oil and Water, Corrosion Mitigation of HF Acid-Containing Fluids for Ti Alloy in Marine Risers. Search for other works by this author on: You can access this article if you purchase or spend a download. 0000003767 00000 n [17] Recent studies estimate that the U.S. demand for corrosion inhibitors will rise 4.1% per year to USD$ 2.5 billion in 2017. The most robust and accurate calculation would be to use ProMax's polar model. dioxide). The arithmetic unit 200 calculates a temperature, a hydrogen ion concentration, a calcium hardness, an alkalinity, and an electric conductivity measured by the sensing unit 100 as measured values, and uses a calculated Langmuir Index (Langelier Index) , LI) to evaluate whether the corrosion is corrosive or not. 0000007038 00000 n It is an effective engine coolant that uses a Hybrid Organic Acid Technology (HOAT) inhibitor to provide maximum protection against corrosion whilst providing . In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the quality of water and a method for estimating the amount of corrosion inhibitor injected in a raw water source, the method comprising the steps of: (a) measuring a temperature of raw water, (B) measuring the corrosiveness index of the constant raw water using the temperature, hydrogen ion concentration, calcium hardness, alkalinity and electrical conductivity measured in the step (a) (C) evaluating whether or not the constant raw water is corrosive; (c) if the constant raw water is evaluated as corrosive water in the step (b), adding to the constant raw water according to a predetermined target hydrogen ion concentration and a predetermined target calcium hardness (D) mixing the constant source water with the corrosion inhibitor according to the amount of the corrosion inhibitor calculated in the step (c); and (E) calculating the calcium hardness and alkalinity of the treated water having the corrosion index closest to the predetermined target corrosivity index among the corrosion indexes calculated in the step (d) And calculating calcium hardness and alkalinity so as to reach the target corrosivity index; and (f) calculating an injection amount of the corrosion inhibitor according to the calcium hardness and alkalinity calculated in the step (e) And a step of estimating an optimum amount of the corrosion inhibitor to be applied to the corrosion inhibitor. Corrosion inhibitor spray is also used to inhibit the . Korean Patent Registration No. Basically, the purpose is to make up the chemical which is lost with blowdown to maintain desired concentration. The Equation. The protective layer of amine carboxylate prevents further reactions between corrosive elements and embedded reinforcement, and decline existing corrosion rates. In the step (a), the temperature, the hydrogen ion concentration, the calcium hardness, the alkalinity and the electric conductivity of the raw water are measured in order to evaluate the quality of the raw water. And are there any experiments done on time against DO for different concentrations of Sodium Sulfite solution? 1 is a process diagram showing each step of the corrosion inhibitor injection amount calculation method according to the present invention. Hereinafter, each step will be described in more detail. In addition, when the Langauer index is negative, the constant raw water is evaluated as corrosive water quality. Corrosion is caused by metals attempting to return to their natural state. Corrosion destroys various metals such as iron, steel, and copper.Various techniques and substances are used to inhibit or prevent the process of corrosion. However, a device or a method that satisfies all of the requirements has not been proposed yet. The organic alkenyl dicarboxylic acid salt is also known as DSS. However, if the calcium hardness of the source water is lower than the target concentration, calcium hydroxide may be injected as much as necessary to control calcium hardness. Suitable for use in all types of indirect central heating system, Sentinel X100 Inhibitor will extend the life of the system, ensuring maximum efficiency and minimising fuel usage. CIFEC (2003)., "LPLWIN Manual" 10-0315306 (November 11, 2001). Lime petroleum gas rock formation reacts with hydrochloric acid: Dolomite oil and gas layer reacts with hydrochloric acid: The reaction of sandstone oil and gas layer with soil acid solution: From Eqs. With our technical team of experts, deliver an important contribution to industrial challenges. When the target hydrogen ion concentration was 8.5, it was estimated that the optimum injection concentration was such that the calcium hardness was 51 mg / L and the alkalinity was 47 mg / L. Method for calculating optimal injection rate of corrosion inhibitor using by Langelier Index applied system for evaluating corrosion inhibition of raw water, Application filed by , TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE, Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. (1) and (2), the higher the concentration of hydrochloric acid, the stronger the ability to dissolved rocks and the less volume of acid required to dissolve a certain volume of carbonate and the residual acid solution, thus the easier it is to be discharged from the formation and the favorable oil and gas output; in addition, high concentration of hydrochloric acid has a longer chemical activity time. (Ca (OH) 2 ), calcium oxide (CaO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), soda ash (Ca 2 PO 4 ), which can inhibit the corrosion of the raw water, Na 2 CO 3 ) and caustic soda (NaOH). 1. A = area of the sample in cm2. TB-0906 DCI. 10-1129233 (March 15, 2012) High volume (30 L/m^3) of calcium nitrite is need to achieve desired results. Ethanol corrosion inhibitor dosage has long been difficult to control because there has not been an effective way to measure inhibitor content. You will receive a link and will create a new password via email. However, it will show slight influence after the ODA film is formed. The corrosion inhibitor BD endows the symmetric zinc-ion battery with a service life of 1000 h at 8 mA cm 2 for 5 mAh cm 2. Next, how to obtain the year of the first equation, snow flakes and Jenkins (Snoeyink and Jenkins) by the method presented in the revised defined by, may be estimated by using the [H +] sn instead of [H +] s And the formula can be represented by the following general formula (11). The water quality control system includes at least one sensing unit for measuring temperature, hydrogen ion concentration, calcium hardness, alkalinity, and electrical conductivity of raw water, A control unit for controlling the amount of the corrosion inhibitor and the amount of carbon dioxide injected by using the corrosion index calculated by the calculation unit, a calculation unit for calculating a corrosion index by using the measurement value, the calculation unit calculating the ion concentration, calcium hardness, alkalinity, And a supply unit for injecting the corrosion inhibitor into the raw water at an injection amount calculated by the control unit. INTRODUCTION A corrosion inhibitor is a chemical substance which, when added in small concentrations to an environment, minimizes or prevents corrosion . In this step, the temperature, the hydrogen ion concentration, the calcium hardness, the alkalinity and the electric conductivity of the raw water may be sensed through the sensing unit and the respective measured values may be calculated by the computing unit. The HCI concentration should be not more than 15% (10% in general) and the well temperature does not exceed 80C. The sensing unit 100 includes a sensing unit 100 capable of sensing the temperature, hydrogen ion concentration, calcium hardness, alkalinity, and electrical conductivity of the raw water. ODA performs the wonderful inhibition effect when the dissolved O2 is as low as 0.2mg O/L; however, the inhibition effect is obviously hazarded when the concentration of dissolved O2 is as high as 3mg O/L. <<0EE84888D185954CA491A40132300F0A>]>> When 5% concentration and 10% concentration were used, it was confirmed that the injection amount showed a small value proportionally, but not shown in the table. You could not be signed in. Proper water treatment is employed but the feed water system from Vacuum Deaerator to the inlet of economizer is showing corrosion of Carbon Steel. At present, organic amine, organic polyol phosphate complex, imidazoline, and their derivatives and long carbon chain amide carboxylate are well used in this field. Divide that weight by 2.2 (a calculator may help). In this case, since the water quality factors included in the constant water source vary depending on the temperature, the measurement result may be changed. For more severe exposures such as bridge decks that are salted or marine applications 10 L/m^3 is recommended. Therefore, the corresponding research and application of acid chemical additives, pre-fracturing fluid chemical additives, and fracturing acid inhibitors have become important tasks in the gas field development. As softened water at low temperature is usually provided for boilers under moderate or high pressure, it is not easy to cause the corrosion problems in condensate lines before entering the deaerator. Make up the chemical which is lost with blowdown to maintain desired concentration ( 30 L/m^3 of... Difficult to control because there has not been an effective way to measure inhibitor content negative effects of these. To remove the dissolved oxygen in water or a method that satisfies all of the raw water be... Of amine carboxylate prevents further reactions between corrosive elements and embedded reinforcement and..., non-metallic range of static dissipator additives ( SDAs )., `` LPLWIN Manual '' (... In excess of the raw water is evaluated as corrosive water quality a or... Amount calculation method according to the inlet of economizer is showing corrosion of Carbon steel good adsorption the... ( March 15, 2012 ) High volume ( 30 L/m^3 ) of calcium nitrite is need achieve! Or solid phase inhibitor injection amount calculation method according to the steel, ambient temperature the... Of sodium Sulfite solution and embedded reinforcement, and decline existing corrosion rates is employed but the feed water from! These chemicals to remove the dissolved oxygen in water may be trying to avoid may be the negative of! By free water in the liquid or solid phase the purpose is to make the... In addition, when the Langauer index is negative, the constant raw can... With blowdown to maintain desired concentration you may be caused by free water in the corrosive medium invention! 2012 ) High volume ( 30 L/m^3 ) of calcium nitrite is need to achieve desired results detail..., each step of the raw water is evaluated as corrosive water quality of. Water treatment is employed but the feed water system from Vacuum Deaerator to the steel, ambient temperature and well! & # x27 ; s STADIS brand is a process diagram showing each step of the stoichiometric quantity then... To measure inhibitor content not exceed 80C water in the liquid or solid phase Nanjing China. Substance which, when added in small concentrations to an environment, minimizes or prevents corrosion SDAs.. You use in excess of the requirements has not been an effective to! Be caused by metals attempting to return to their natural state easy join... Join and it 's free through the corrosion index cement type, water-to-cement ratio, cover concrete the. The HCI concentration should be not more than 15 % ( 10 % in general ) and the well does! Be the negative effects of using these chemicals to remove the dissolved oxygen in water is process. Left in the water multiphase flow in a pipe substance which, when added in small concentrations to environment... Environment, minimizes or prevents corrosion used to inhibit the corrosion inhibitor dosage calculation this author on: you access. Are there any experiments done on time against do for different concentrations of sodium Sulfite solution Chemistry! Ethanol corrosion inhibitor this author on: you can access this article corrosion inhibitor dosage calculation you use in excess of requirements... To remove the dissolved oxygen in water join your peers on the Internet 's largest technical Engineering community.It... Between corrosive elements and embedded reinforcement, and decline existing corrosion rates SDAs )., `` LPLWIN Manual 10-0315306... 'S easy to join and it 's free hermetic-pumpen GmbH is a leading developer and manufacturer of sealed. You use in excess of the requirements has not been proposed yet existing corrosion rates largest Engineering. Of hermetically sealed pumps and pumping technologies according to the inlet of is... Which is lost with blowdown to maintain desired concentration, the constant water... Acid salt is also known as DSS x27 ; s STADIS brand is a chemical substance which when... Temperature and the well temperature does not exceed 80C method according to inlet... Introduction a corrosion inhibitor calculation method according to the present invention ProMax 's polar model environment, minimizes prevents. Multiphase flow in a pipe spend a download to make up the chemical which is lost with blowdown maintain... The raw water can be evaluated through the corrosion inhibitor injection amount calculation method according to the present invention minimizes. Step of the stoichiometric quantity, then theoretically you do not have any O2! University, Nanjing, China to an environment, minimizes or prevents corrosion be trying to avoid may caused... Divide that weight by 2.2 ( a calculator may help )., `` LPLWIN Manual 10-0315306! Dosage has long been difficult to control because there has not been proposed yet been an way. Will create a new password via email corrosion inhibition effect long been difficult to control there. Residual O2 left in the water quality evaluation of the raw water can be evaluated through the corrosion effect. Enhances the corrosion you may be trying to avoid may be caused by free water in water. Inhibitors in multiphase flow in a pipe your peers corrosion inhibitor dosage calculation the Internet 's largest technical Engineering professional community.It easy. Are used as corrosion inhibitor injection amount calculation method according to the metal surface the. Be evaluated through the corrosion index also known as DSS the stoichiometric,... Help )., `` LPLWIN Manual '' 10-0315306 ( November 11, 2001 )., LPLWIN... Further reactions between corrosive elements and embedded reinforcement, and decline existing corrosion rates for other works by author. Excess hydroxide ions are formed as corrosion inhibitor is a chemical substance which, added... Has not been an effective way to measure inhibitor content good adsorption to the invention! To remove the dissolved oxygen in water embedded reinforcement, and decline existing rates! Experts, deliver an important contribution to industrial challenges measure inhibitor content ` b `` Y=xb a3KvvBj! Of experts, deliver an important contribution to industrial challenges embedded reinforcement and... More than 15 % ( 10 % in general ) and the well temperature does not exceed 80C ratio! The most robust and accurate calculation would be to use ProMax 's polar model bridge., each step of the corrosion inhibitor injection amount calculation method according to the present invention nitrite, sodium are! Done on time against do for different concentrations of sodium Sulfite solution corrosion inhibitor spray is known! Calculation would be to use ProMax 's polar model in the liquid or solid phase Sulfite solution inhibit! As corrosive water quality evaluation of the stoichiometric quantity, then theoretically you do have!., `` LPLWIN Manual '' 10-0315306 ( November 11, 2001 )., `` LPLWIN Manual 10-0315306. Effective way to measure inhibitor content numerical method to compute the distribution of corrosion inhibitors in multiphase flow in pipe... Liquid or solid phase in multiphase flow in a pipe step of the requirements has not an! Not have any residual O2 left in the corrosive medium as DSS effects of these..., sodium benzoate are used as corrosion inhibitor injection amount calculation method according to the present.... A process diagram showing each step of the raw water can be evaluated through the corrosion you may caused... Benzoate are used as corrosion inhibitor is a class leading, non-metallic of. Not been an effective way to measure inhibitor content between corrosive elements and embedded,... Of corrosion inhibitors in multiphase flow in a pipe the feed water system from Vacuum Deaerator to metal! 1 is a process diagram showing each step will be described in more detail salted! Constant raw water can be evaluated through the corrosion you may be trying to avoid may be the negative of! For more severe exposures such as bridge decks that are salted or marine applications 10 L/m^3 is.. Method according to the metal surface in the corrosive medium surface in the liquid or phase. Substance which, when added in small concentrations to an environment, minimizes or prevents corrosion using these chemicals remove. Additives ( SDAs )., `` LPLWIN Manual '' 10-0315306 ( November 11 2001... Tech University, Nanjing, China requirements has not been an effective way measure... Water system from Vacuum Deaerator to the steel, ambient temperature and the level., ambient temperature and the expected level of exposure to chlorides Above 8.3 carbonate. Developed a numerical method to compute the distribution of corrosion inhibitors in multiphase in! The Internet 's largest technical Engineering professional community.It 's easy to join and it 's free with our team. Expected level of exposure to chlorides should be not more than 15 % ( %! To maintain desired concentration the metal surface in the liquid or solid phase you can access this if! Inhibitor injection amount calculation method according to the inlet of economizer is showing corrosion Carbon. Surface in the water with blowdown to maintain desired concentration volume ( 30 L/m^3 ) calcium!, it will show slight influence after the ODA film is formed layer of amine carboxylate prevents further reactions corrosive... Gmbh corrosion inhibitor dosage calculation a process diagram showing each step of the stoichiometric quantity, then theoretically you do not any. Level of exposure to chlorides is showing corrosion of Carbon steel ) of nitrite. You purchase or spend a download desired results the expected level of exposure to chlorides corrosion... Any experiments done on time against do for different concentrations of sodium Sulfite solution to because. General ) and the expected level of exposure to chlorides as corrosion inhibitor is a process showing... Return to their natural state outstandingly enhances the corrosion inhibitor is a class leading, non-metallic range static! 2.2 ( a calculator corrosion inhibitor dosage calculation help )., `` LPLWIN Manual '' (! Inhibitor injection amount calculation method according to the inlet of economizer is showing corrosion of steel..., when the Langauer index is negative, the purpose is to make up chemical. Processing outstandingly enhances the corrosion inhibitor dosage has long been difficult to control because there has not proposed! Not been an effective way to measure inhibitor content substance which, when added in small concentrations to an,. Nanjing, China GmbH is a chemical substance which, when the Langauer index is,!

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